2020 yazanye impinduka mubikorwa byinganda ko bake, niba bihari, byateganijwe;icyorezo ku isi, intambara y’ubucuruzi, bikenewe cyane ko abakozi bakorera mu rugo.Kubuza ubushobozi ubwo aribwo bwose bwo kumenya ejo hazaza, ni iki dushobora gutekereza ku mpinduka 2021 zizazana?

Muri iyi ngingo, tuzareba uburyo icumi inganda zikora zizahinduka cyangwa zikomeze guhinduka muri 2021.

1.) Ingaruka zakazi ka kure

Ababikora bamaze guhura nibibazo bizwi hamwe no gushaka abakozi babishoboye kubuyobozi ninshingano zunganira.Kuba icyorezo cy’icyorezo ku isi mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2020 cyihutishije iyo nzira, kuko abakozi benshi kandi bashishikarizwaga gukorera mu rugo.

Ikibazo gisigaye nukuntu kwibanda kumurimo wa kure bizagira ingaruka kumikorere ya buri munsi y'uruganda rukora.Ubuyobozi buzashobora kugenzura abakozi bakora muruganda bihagije badahari kumubiri?Nigute iterambere ryogukomeza kwimikorere yakazi bizagira ingaruka kubikorwa byo kuva murugo?

Inganda zizakomeza guhinduka no guhinduka nkuko ibi bibazo bikina muri 2021.

2.) Amashanyarazi

Ubukangurambaga bugenda bwiyongera ku masosiyete akora inganda akeneye kurushaho kumenya ibidukikije no kwita ku mibereho, hamwe no kugabanya ibiciro by’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, byatumye iterambere ryiyongera cyane mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu bice byinshi by’inganda.Inganda zigenda ziva mumashini zikoresha peteroli na gaze zijya mumashanyarazi.

Ndetse na gakondo imirima ishingiye kuri lisansi nkubwikorezi irahuza vuba na moderi yamashanyarazi.Izi mpinduka zizana inyungu nyinshi zingenzi, harimo kwigenga kwinshi kurwego rwo gutanga lisansi kwisi.Muri 2021, inganda zikora zizakomeza amashanyarazi gusa.

3.) Gukura kwa Internet yibintu

Interineti yibintu (IoT) bivuga guhuza ibikoresho byinshi dukoresha burimunsi.Ibintu byose kuva terefone zacu kugeza kuri toasteri yacu birahuza WiFi kandi irahujwe;gukora ntaho bitandukaniye.Ibice byinshi kandi byinshi byinganda zikora bizanwa kumurongo, cyangwa byibuze bifite ubwo bushobozi.

Igitekerezo cya Internet yibintu gikubiyemo amasezerano n'akaga kubabikora.Ku ruhande rumwe, igitekerezo cyo gukora imashini ya kure cyasa nkaho ari cyera ku nganda;ubushobozi bwo gutangiza no gukora ibikoresho byimashini zateye imbere utarigeze ukandagiza ikirenge muruganda.Kwandika neza ko ibikoresho byinshi byimashini zifite ibikoresho bya interineti bisa nkaho bituma igitekerezo cyuruganda ruzimya bishoboka cyane.

Ku rundi ruhande, ibintu byinshi byerekeranye ninganda bizanwa kumurongo, niko amahirwe menshi yo guhungabana naba hackers cyangwa inzira mbi yumutekano wa interineti.

4.) Kwakira nyuma yicyorezo

2021 ifite isezerano rikomeye ryo gukomeza, nibura igice cyo gukira ubukungu bwatewe n’icyorezo cy’ubukungu bw’umwaka wa 2020. Mu gihe inganda zongeye gufungura, icyifuzo cya pent-up cyatumye ubukungu bwiyongera cyane mu nzego zimwe na zimwe.

Birumvikana, uko gukira ntabwo byemewe kuba byuzuye cyangwa kwisi yose;imirenge imwe, nkubwakiranyi ningendo, bizatwara imyaka kugirango ukire.Inzego zinganda zubatswe hafi yinganda zishobora gufata igihe kinini kugirango zongere.Ibindi bintu - nkibishimangira akarere bizakomeza gukora inganda muri 2021 - bizatuma ibyifuzo byiyongera kandi bifashe kuzamura iterambere.

5.) Kwibanda ku karere

Mubice kubera icyorezo, abayikora bahindukiza ibitekerezo byabo aho kuba inyungu zisi.Kuzamuka kw'amahoro, intambara z'ubucuruzi zikomeje, kandi birumvikana ko igabanuka ry'ubucuruzi bitewe na coronavirus byose byagize uruhare mu guhindura ibyifuzo by’urunigi rutanga inganda.

Gutanga urugero rwihariye, ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa byagabanutse mu gihe intambara z’ubucuruzi n’ubudashidikanywaho bituma abashoramari bashaka umurongo wo gutanga.Imiterere ihora ihindagurika kurubuga rwamasezerano namasezerano yubucuruzi agenga ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byatumye inganda zimwe zishyira imbere amasoko yo mu karere.

Muri 2021, iyo mitekerereze-yakarere ka mbere izakomeza gutuma imiyoborere itangwa mu gihugu;"Byakozwe muri Amerika" mu rwego rwo kurushaho gukumira ihindagurika ry’imihindagurikire y’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.Ibindi bihugu byambere kwisi bizabona inzira zisa, kuko imbaraga za "reshoring" zituma ubukungu bwiyongera.

6.) Gukenera kwihangana

Kugaragara gutunguranye kw'icyorezo ku isi mu ntangiriro za 2020, hamwe n'ihungabana ry'ubukungu ryaherekeje, gusa bishimangira akamaro ko kwihangana ku bakora.Kwihangana birashobora kugerwaho muburyo bwinshi, harimo gutandukanya impinduka zitangwa no gukoresha imibare, ariko yerekeza cyane cyane muburyo bwo gucunga imari.

Kugabanya umwenda, kuzamura umwanya wamafaranga, no kwitonda witonze gushora imari zose zifasha kunoza isosiyete.2021 izakomeza kwerekana ko ikeneye ibigo guhinga byimazeyo kwihangana kugirango bigende neza ku mpinduka.

7.) Kongera imibare

Kuruhande rw'amashanyarazi na interineti yibintu, digitisation isezeranya gukomeza guhindura byimazeyo ibikorwa byinganda muri 2021 na nyuma yaho.Ababikora bazahura nogukenera ingamba zifatika zikubiyemo ibintu byose uhereye kububiko bushingiye kubicu kugeza kubucuruzi bwa digitale.

Gukwirakwiza imbere mu gihugu bizaba birimo ibice byo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi hamwe n’ibikorwa bya IoT byavuzwe haruguru, bizafasha gukurikirana neza imikoreshereze y’ingufu z’ibikorwa remezo no gukoresha ingufu z’amato.Imibare yo hanze ikubiyemo kwemeza ibicuruzwa byamamaza hamwe na B2B2C igaragara (Ubucuruzi kubucuruzi kubakiriya).

Kimwe na IoT no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, digitisation izaterwa gusa nicyorezo cyisi.Ibigo byakira digitifike - harimo n'abitwa "bavutse ba digitale" batangiye mugihe cya digitale - bazisanga bashyizwe neza kugirango bayobore 2021 na nyuma yaho.

8.) Gukenera impano nshya

Gukoresha imibare ni imwe mu nzira nyinshi zo mu 2021 zizakenera uburyo bushya ku bakozi ku nganda zikora inganda.Abakozi bose bazakenera kuba bashoboye gukorera mubidukikije, kandi hazakenerwa amahugurwa kugirango abakozi bagere kumurongo ngenderwaho.

Mugihe CNC, robotics yateye imbere, hamwe nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga bwo gukoresha bikomeje gutera imbere, icyifuzo cyimpano zifite ubuhanga buhanitse bwo gucunga no gukoresha izo mashini ziziyongera gusa.Ababikora ntibagishobora kwishingikiriza ku myumvire y'abakozi bo mu ruganda “badafite ubuhanga” ariko bazakenera gushaka abantu bafite impano yo gukorana n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.

9.) Ikoranabuhanga rishya

2021 izabona ikoranabuhanga rishya rikomeje guhindura inganda.Hafi ya bibiri bya gatatu by'abakora muri Amerika bamaze gukoresha tekinoroji yo gucapa 3D byibuze uruhare ruto.Icapiro rya 3D, kure ya CNC, hamwe nubundi buryo bushya bwa tekinoloji yubukorikori itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe zo gukura, cyane cyane hamwe nizindi.Icapiro rya 3D, uburyo bwo kongera inyongeramusaruro, hamwe na CNC, inzira yo gukuramo, irashobora gukoreshwa ifatanije kugirango itange kandi irangize ibice neza.

Imashini zikoresha nazo zifite amasezerano akomeye;mugihe amashanyarazi ashobora guteza imbere ubwikorezi bwamato, ibinyabiziga byigenga birashobora kubihindura rwose.Kandi byumvikane ko ubushobozi bwa AI bwo gukora butagira umupaka.

10.) Iterambere ryihuse ryibicuruzwa

Ibicuruzwa byihuta-byihuta, bifatanije nuburyo bwiza bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa, bimaze kwerekana ikimenyetso mubikorwa.Amezi 18-24 yiterambere ryibicuruzwa byagabanutse kugeza kumezi 12.Inganda zahoze zikoresha ibihembwe cyangwa ibihe byongeweho byinshi bito byerekana no kuzamurwa ku buryo ibicuruzwa bishya bihoraho.

Mugihe sisitemu zo gutanga zikomeje guharanira kugendana numuvuduko witerambere ryibicuruzwa, tekinoroji isanzwe ikoreshwa isezeranya gufasha nibitagenda neza.Sisitemu yo gutanga drone hamwe nubwikorezi bwikora bizemeza ko guhora ibicuruzwa bishya bigera kubakiriya n'umuvuduko mwinshi kandi wizewe.

Kuva ku kazi ka kure kugeza ku modoka zitwara ibinyabiziga, 2021 bizibonera iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rifite ubushobozi bwo kuvugurura inganda zikora.