Ibice by'icyuma

Ibisobanuro bigufi:

Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ni itsinda rya ferrous alloys irimo byibuze chromium igera kuri 11%, ibice bibuza icyuma kwangirika kandi ikanatanga ibintu birwanya ubushyuhe.Ubwoko butandukanye bwibyuma bidafite umwanda harimo ibintu bya karubone (kuva 0,03% kugeza hejuru ya 1.00%), azote, aluminium, silikoni, sulfure, titanium, nikel, umuringa, selenium, niobium, na molybdenum.Ubwoko bwihariye bwibyuma bitagira umwanda bikunze kugenwa na AISI yabo nimibare itatu, urugero, 304 idafite umwanda.

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Ibicuruzwa birambuye

Ibicuruzwa

Kumenyekanisha ibice byicyuma:

Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ni itsinda ryimyunyu ngugu irimo byibura chromium igera kuri 11%, ibice bibuza icyuma kwangirika kandi ikanatanga ibintu birwanya ubushyuhe.Ubwoko butandukanye bwibyuma bitagira umwanda burimo ibintu bya karubone (kuva 0.03% kugeza kurenza 1.00%), azote, aluminium, silikoni, sulfure, titanium, nikel, umuringa, selenium, niobium, na molybdenum. Ubwoko bwihariye bwibyuma bitagira umwanda bikunze kugenwa na AISI yabo nimibare itatu, urugero, 304 idafite umwanda.Ibipimo bya ISO 15510 byerekana urutonde rwibikoresho bya chimique bitagira umwanda wibisobanuro biriho mubisanzwe ISO, ASTM, EN, JIS, na GB (Igishinwa) mumeza yingirakamaro.

Ibyuma bitagira umwanda birwanya ingese biva muri chromium muri alloy, ikora firime ya pasiporo irinda ibintu byibanze kwibasirwa na ruswa, kandi irashobora kwikiza imbere ya ogisijeni. Kurwanya ruswa birashobora kwiyongera muburyo bukurikira. :

1. ongera chromium kugeza kuri 11%.
2. ongeramo nikel byibuze 8%.
3. ongeramo molybdenum (nayo iteza imbere kurwanya ruswa).

Kwiyongera kwa azote binateza imbere kurwanya ruswa kandi byongera imbaraga za mashini.Niyo mpamvu, hari ibyiciro byinshi byibyuma bidafite ingese hamwe na chromium zitandukanye hamwe nibintu bya molybdenum bihuye nibidukikije umusemburo ugomba kwihanganira.

Kurwanya ruswa no kwanduza, kubungabunga bike, hamwe no kumurika cyane bituma ibyuma bidafite ingese nibikoresho byiza mubisabwa byinshi aho imbaraga zicyuma no kurwanya ruswa zisabwa.Byongeye kandi, ibyuma bidafite ingese birashobora kuzunguruka mumpapuro, amasahani, utubari, insinga, hamwe na tubing.Ibi birashobora gukoreshwa mubikoresho byo guteka, gukata, ibikoresho byo kubaga, ibikoresho bikomeye, ibinyabiziga, ibikoresho byubwubatsi mumazu manini, ibikoresho byinganda (urugero, munganda zimpapuro, inganda zimiti, gutunganya amazi), hamwe nibigega bibika hamwe na tanker kumiti nibicuruzwa byibiribwa.Ibikoresho birwanya ruswa, ubworoherane bushobora guhanagurwa no guhindagurika, hamwe no kuba bidakenewe gutwikirwa hejuru byatumye hakoreshwa ibyuma bitagira umwanda mu gikoni no mu nganda zitunganya ibiryo.

Ibyuma bya Austenitike ni umuryango munini wibyuma bitagira umwanda, bigizwe na bibiri bya gatatu byibyuma bitagira umwanda (reba imibare yakozwe hepfo).Bafite microstructure ya austenitis, ikaba ari imiterere-ya-cubic-cristal yububiko.Iyi microstructure igerwaho no kuvanga ibyuma hamwe na nikel ihagije na / cyangwa manganese na azote kugirango bigumane microstructure ya austenitike mubushyuhe bwose, uhereye mukarere ka kirogenike kugeza aho ushonga .Kubwibyo, ibyuma bya austenitike bidafite ingese ntibishobora gukomera no kuvura ubushyuhe kuko bifite microstructure imwe mubushyuhe bwose.

Urukurikirane rw'ibikoresho bidafite ingese

Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bya Austenitike birashobora kugabanywamo amatsinda abiri, amatsinda 200 hamwe na 300:

Urukurikirane 200 ni chromium-manganese-nikel alloys ikoresha cyane gukoresha manganese na azote kugirango igabanye ikoreshwa rya nikel.Bitewe na azote yiyongereye, bafite imbaraga zingana na 50% zirenze 300 zurupapuro rwicyuma.

Ubwoko bwa 201 burakomeye binyuze mubikorwa bikonje.
Ubwoko 202 nicyerekezo rusange-cyuma kitagira umwanda.Kugabanuka kwa nikel no kongera manganese bivamo kurwanya ruswa.
Urukurikirane 300 ni chromium-nikel ivanze igera kuri microstructure ya austenitis hafi ya nikel alloying;amanota amwe n'amwe avanze cyane arimo azote kugirango ugabanye nikel.Urukurikirane 300 nitsinda rinini kandi rikoreshwa cyane.
Ubwoko 304: Icyiciro kizwi cyane ni Ubwoko 304, buzwi kandi nka 18/8 na 18/10 kubigize chromium 18% na nikel 8% / 10%.
Ubwoko 316: Icyuma cya kabiri gikunze kugaragara cyane cya austenitis nicyuma ni 316. Kwiyongera kwa 2% molybdenum bitanga imbaraga nyinshi zo kurwanya aside hamwe na ruswa yaho iterwa na ion ya chloride.Imiterere ya karubone nkeya, nka 316L cyangwa 304L, ifite karubone iri munsi ya 0.03% kandi ikoreshwa mu kwirinda ibibazo byangirika biterwa no gusudira.

Gushyushya ubushyuhe bwibyuma

Martensitike idafite ibyuma irashobora kuvurwa kugirango itange ibikoresho byiza.

Kuvura ubushyuhe mubisanzwe birimo intambwe eshatu:
Austenitizing, aho ibyuma bishyushya ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 980–1,050 ° C (1.800–1,920 ° F), ukurikije amanota.Austenite yavuyemo ifite isura-yibanze ya cubic kristal.
Kuzimya.Austenite ihindurwamo martensite, imiterere ikomeye ya tetragonal kristaliste.Martensite yazimye irakomeye cyane kandi iracika intege kubisabwa byinshi.Austenite isigaye irashobora kuguma.
Ubushyuhe.Martensite yashyutswe kugeza kuri 500 ° C (932 ° F), ifatwa ku bushyuhe, hanyuma ikonjeshwa n'umwuka.Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bugabanya imbaraga z'umusaruro n'imbaraga zidasanzwe ariko byongera kuramba no kurwanya ingaruka.